Get read sequence by searching the read ID:

zgrep -A1 'E150021049L1C006R010900881884' E150021049_L01_57_1.fq.gz

Check few lines of fastq.gz:

gunzip -c my_fastq.fastq.gz | head -n 10

Search a sequence from compressed FASTQ (.fq.gz):

zcat your_file.fq.gz | grep -B1 -A2 "ATCGGACCTA" --no-group-separator > matched_reads.fq

Search a sequence from uncompressed FASTQ:

grep -B1 -A2 "ATCGGACCTA" your_file.fq --no-group-separator > matched_reads.fq